iCDIOs and the Shift Toward Human AI Co Creation in Engineering Education

Kovacs Levente

Abstract

Against the backdrop of the deep integration of generative artificial intelligence into engineering activities, the traditional CDIO-based engineering education model is increasingly facing pressure for structural transformation. This study systematically analyzes the limitations of CDIO from the perspectives of agency structure, competency focus, collaborative mechanisms, and governance requirements. Building upon this analysis, the paper further develops the iCDIOs framework from the perspective of Human-AI Co-Creation, emphasizing the educational significance of the “i” dimension in innovation and intelligent literacy, as well as the “s” dimension in service orientation, safety governance, sustainability, and responsibility. Furthermore, the study discusses how Human-AI Co-Creation functions as a core operational mechanism that reshapes engineering competency models, curriculum organization, classroom interaction, and evaluation processes. Representative teaching practices involving courses on Large Language Models (LLMs), AI Agents, and Automated AI are further introduced to illustrate how AI can participate throughout lecture preparation, project development, tutoring, and assessment under interdisciplinary educational settings. The study argues that engineering education is undergoing a transition from a traditionally human-centered paradigm toward a Human-AI Co-Creation paradigm, with iCDIOs providing a systematic framework for engineering education transformation in the AI era.

Artificial Intelligence for Education

iCDIOs and the Shift Toward Human AI Co Creation in Engineering Education

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